教学安排 
|
收藏本页内容 |
| |
|
日期：2005-12-29 12:20:43 文章来源： 浏览量：次 |
2006年硕士研究生入学考试英语试题(完整版) Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A,B,Cor D on ANSWER SHEET1.(10points) The homeless make up a growing percentage of America’s population.__1__ homelessness has reached such proportions that local government can’t possibly _____2____. To help homeless people _____3___ independence, the federal government must support job training programs,_____4_____ the minimum wage, and fund more low-cost housing._____5____everyone agrees on the numbers of Americans who are homeless. Estimates ____6__ anywhere from 600,000 to 3 million. _____7__ the figure may vary, analysts do agree on another matter: that the number of the homeless is_____8____, one of the federal government’s studies _____9__ that the number of the homeless will reach nearly 19 million by the end of this decade. Finding ways to __10__ this growing homeless population has become increasingly difficult.___11__when homeless individuals manage to find a ___12__ that will give them three meals a day and a place to sleep at night, a good number still spend the bulk of each day__13__ the street, Part of the problem is that many homeless adults are addicted to alcohol or drugs. And a significant number of the homeless have serious mental disorders. Many others,____14____not addicted or mentally ill, simply lack the everyday __15__ skills need to turn their lives _____16__.Boston Globe reporter Chris Reidy notes that the situation will improve only when there are_17___programs that address the many needs of the homeless. _____18__ Edward Blotkowsk, director of community service at Bentley College in Massachusetts,___19__it. “There has to be _____20___of programs. What we need is a package deal.” 1.[A]Indeed [B]Likewise [C]Therefore [D]Furthermore 2.[A]stand [B]cope [C]approve [D]retain 3.[A]in [B]for [C]with [D]toward 4.[A]raise [B]add [C]take [D]keep 5.[A]generally [B]almost [C]hardly [D]not 6.[A]cover [B]change [C]range [D]differ 7.[A]Now that [B]Although [C]Provided [D]Except that 8.[A]inflating [B]expanding [C]increasing [D]extending 9.[A]predicts [B]displays [C]proves [D]discovers 10.[A]assist [B]track [C]sustain [D]dismiss 11.[A]Hence [B]But [C]Even [D]Only 12.[A]lodging [B]shelter [C]dwelling [D]house 13.[A]searching [B]strolling [C]crowding [D]wandering 14.[A]when [B]once [C]while [D]whereas 15.[A]life [B]existence [C]survival [D]maintenance 16.[A]around [B]over [C]on [D]up 17.[A]complex [B]comprehensive [C]complementary [D]compensating 18.[A]So [B]Since [C]As [D]Thus 19.[A]puts [B]interprets [C]assumes [D]makes 20.[A]supervision [B]manipulation [C]regulation [D]coordination Section II Reading Comprehension Part A Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B,C, or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.(40 points) Text 1 In spite of “endless talk of difference,” American society is an amazing machine for homogenizing people. This is “the democratizing uniformity of dress and discourse, and the casualness and absence of consumption “launched by the 19th –century department stores that offered ‘vast arrays of goods in an elegant atmosphere. Instead of intimate shops catering to a knowledgeable elite.” these were stores “anyone could enter, regardless of class or background. This turned shopping into a public and democratic act.” The mass media, advertising and sports are other forces for homogenization. Immigrants are quickly fitting into this common culture, which may not be altogether elevating but is hardly poisonous. Writing for the National Immigration Forum, Gregory Rodriguez reports that today’s immigration is neither at unprecedented level nor resistant to assimilation. In 1998 immigrants were 9.8 percent of population; in 1900, 13.6 percent. In the 10 years prior to 1990, 3.1 immigrants arrived for every 1,000 residents; in the 10 years prior to 1890, 9.2 for every 1,000. Now, consider three indices of assimilation------language, home ownership and intermarriage. The 1990 Census revealed that “a majority of immigrants from each of the fifteen most common countries of origin spoke English “well” or “very well” after ten years of residence.” The children of immigrants tend to be bilingual and proficient in English. “By the third generation, the original language is lost in the majority of immigrant families.” Hence the description of America as a graveyard” for language. By 1996 foreign-born immigrants who had arrive before 1970 had a home ownership rate of 75.6 percent, higher than the 69.8 percent rate among native-born Americans. Foreign-born Asians and Hispanics “have higher rates of intermarriage than do U.S-born whites and blacks.” By the third generation, one third of Hispanic women are married to non-Hispanics, and 41 percent of Asian-American women are married to non-Asians. Rodriguez not that children in remote villages around world are fans of superstars like Amold Schwarzenegger and Garth Brooks, yet “some Americans fear that immigrant living within the United States remain somehow immune to the nation’s assimilative power.” Are there divisive issues and pockets of seething in America? Indeed. It is big enough to have a bit of everything. But particularly when viewed against America’s turbulent past, today’s social induces suggest a dark and deteriorating social environment. 21. The word “homogenizing” (Line 2, Paragraph 1) most probably means A. identifying B. associating C. assimilating D. monopolizing 22. According to the author, the department stores of the 19th century A.played a role in the spread of popular culture. B.became intimate shops for common consumers. C.satisfied the needs of a knowledgeable elite. D.owed its emergence to the culture of consumption. 23. The text suggests that immigrants now in the U.S. A.are resistant to homogenization. B.exert a great influence on American culture. C.are hardly a threat to the common culture. D.constitute the majority of the population. 24. Why are Amold Schwarzenegger and Garth Brooks mentioned in Paragraph 5? A. To prove their popularity around the world. B. To reveal the public’s fear of immigrants. C. To give examples of successful immigrants. D. To show the powerful influence of American culture. 25. In the author’s opinion, the absorption of immigrants into American society is A. rewardingB. successfulC. fruitlessD. harmful Text 2 Stratford-on-Avon, as we all know, has only one industry—William Shakespeare—but there are two distinctly separate and increasingly hostile branches. There is the Royal Shakespeare Company (ASC), which presents superb productions of the plays at the Shakespeare Memorial Theatre on the Avon. And there are the townsfolk who largely live off the tourists who come, not to see the plays, but to look at Anne Hathaway’s Cottage, Shakespeare’s birthplace and the other sights. The worthy residents of Stratford doubt that the theatre adds a penny to their revenue. They frankly dislike the RSC’s actors, them with their long hair and beards and sandals and noisiness. It’s all deliciously ironic when you consider that Shakespeare, who earns their living, was himself an actor (with a beard) and did his share of noise-making. The tourist streams are not entirely separate. The sightseers who come by bus- and often take in Warwick Castle and Blenheim Palace on the side—don’t usually see the plays, and some of them are even surprised to find a theatre in Stratford. However, the playgoers do manage a little sight-seeing along with their playgoing. It is the playgoers, the ESC contends, who bring in much of the town’s revenue because they spend the night (some of them four or five nights) pouring cash into the hotels and restaurants. The sightseers can take in everything and get out of town by nightfall. The townsfolk don’t see it this way and local council does not contribute directly to the subsidy of the Royal Shakespeare Company. Stratford cries poor traditionally. Nevertheless every hotel in town seems to be adding a new wing or cocktail lounge. Hilton is building its own hotel there, which you may be sure will be decorated with Hamlet Hamburger Bars, the Lear Lounge, the Banquo Banqueting Room, and so forth, and will be very expensive. Anyway, the townsfolk can’t understand why the Royal Shakespeare Company needs a subsidy. (The theatre has broken attendance records for three years in a row. Last year its 1,431 seats were 94 percent occupied all year long and this year they’ll do better.) The reason, of course, is that costs have rocketed and ticket prices have stayed low. It would be a shame to raise prices too much because it would drive away the young people who are Stratford’s most attractive clientele. They come entirely for the plays, not the sights. They all seem to look alike (though they come from all over)---lean, pointed, dedicated faces, wearing jeans and sandals, eating their buns and bedding down for the night on the flagstones outside the theatre to buy the 20 seats and 80 standing—room tickets held for the sleepers and sold to them when the box office opens at 10:30 a.m. Text 3 When prehistoric man arrived in new parts of the world, something strange happened to the large animals. They suddenly became extinct. Smaller species survived. The large, slow-growing animals were easy game, and were quickly hunted to extinction. Now something similar could be happening in the oceans. That the seas are being overfished has been known for years. What researchers such as Ransom Myers and Boris Worm have shown is just how fast things are changing. They have looked at half a century of data from fisheries around the world. Their methods do not attempt to estimate the actual biomass (the amount of living biological matter) of fish species in particular parts of the ocean, but rather changes in that biomass over time. According to their latest paper published in Nature, the biomass of large predators (animals that kill and eat other animals) in a new fishery is reduced on average by 80% within 15 years of the start of exploitation. In some long-fished areas, it has halved again since then. Dr Worm acknowledges that the figures are conservative. One reason for this is that fishing technology has improved. Today's vessels can find their prey using satellites and sonar, which were not available 50 years ago. That means a higher proportion of what is in the sea is being caught, so the real difference between present and past is likely to be worse than the one recorded by changes in catch sizes. In the early days, too, longlines would have been more saturated with fish. Some individuals would therefore not have been caught, since no baited hooks would have been available to trap them, leading to an underestimate of fish stocks in the past. Furthermore, in the early days of longline fishing, a lot of fish were lost to sharks after they had been hooked. That is no longer a problem, because there are fewer sharks around now. Dr Myers and Dr Worm argue that their work gives a correct baseline, which future management efforts must take into account. They believe the data support an idea current among marine biologists, that of the "shifting baseline". The notion is that people have failed to detect the massive changes which have happened in the ocean because they have been looking back only a relatively short time into the past. That matters because theory suggests that the maximum sustainable yield that can be cropped from a fishery comes when the biomass of a target species is about 50% of its original levels. Most fisheries are well below that, which is a bad way to do business. 31. The extinction of large prehistoric animals is noted to suggest that A. large animal were vulnerable to the changing environment. B. small species survived as large animals disappeared. C. large sea animals may face the same threat today. D. Slow-growing fish outlive fast-growing ones 32. We can infer from Dr Myers and Dr. Worm’s paper that A. the stock of large predators in some old fisheries has reduced by 90%. B. there are only half as many fisheries as there were 15 years ago. C. the catch sizes in new fisheries are only 20% of the original amount. D. the number of larger predators dropped faster in new fisheries than in the old. 33. By saying these figures are conservative (Line 1, paragraph 3), Dr Worm means that A. fishing technology has improved rapidly B. then catch-sizes are actually smaller then recorded C. the marine biomass has suffered a greater loss D. the data collected so far are out of date. 34. Dr Myers and other researchers hold that A. people should look for a baseline that can’t work for a longer time. B. fisheries should keep the yield below 50% of the biomass C. the ocean biomass should restored its original level. D. people should adjust the fishing baseline to changing situation 35. The author seems to be mainly concerned with most fisheries’ A.management efficiency B.biomass level C.catch-size limits D.technological application. Text 4 Many things make people think artists are weird and the weirdest may be this: artists' only job is to explore emotions, and yet they choose to focus on the ones that feel bad. This wasn't always so. The earliest forms of art, like painting and music, are those best suited for expressing joy. But somewhere in the 19th century, more artists began seeing happiness as insipid, phony or, worst of all, boring as we went from Wordsworth's daffodils to Baudelaire's flowers of evil. You could argue that art became more skeptical of happiness because modern times have seen such misery. But it's not as if earlier times didn't know perpetual war, disaster and the massacre of innocents. The reason, in fact, may be just the opposite: there is too much damn happiness in the world today. After all, what is the one modern form of expression almost completely dedicated to depicting happiness? Advertising. The rise of anti-happy art almost exactly tracks the emergence of mass media, and with it, a commercial culture in which happiness is not just an ideal but an ideology. People in earlier eras were surrounded by reminders of misery. They worked until exhausted, lived with few protections and died young. In the West, before mass communication and literacy, the most powerful mass medium was the church, which reminded worshippers that their souls were in peril and that they would someday be meat for worms. Given all this, they did not exactly need their art to be a bummer too. Today the messages your average Westerner is bombarded with are not religious but commercial, and forever happy. Fast-food eaters, news anchors, text messengers, all smiling, smiling. Our magazines feature beaming celebrities and happy families in perfect homes. And since these messages have an agenda--to lure us to open our wallets to make the very idea of happiness seem unreliable. "Celebrate!" commanded the ads for the arthritis drug Celebrex, before we found out it could increase the risk of heart attacks. What we forget--what our economy depends on is forgetting--is that happiness is more than pleasure without pain. The things that bring the greatest joy carry the greatest potential for loss and disappointment. Today, surrounded by promises of easy happiness, we need someone to tell us as religion once did, Memento mori: remember that you will die, that everything ends, and that happiness comes not in denying this but in living with it. It's a message even more bitter than a clove cigarette, yet, somehow, a breath of fresh air. 36.By citing the example of poets Wordsworth and Baudelaire, the author intends to show that A. Poetry is not as expressive of joy as painting or music. B. Art grow out of both positive and negative feeling. C. Poets today are less skeptical of happiness. D. Artist have changed their focus of interest. 37. The word “bummer” (Line 5. paragraph 5) most probably means something A. religiousB. unpleasant C. entertaining D. commercial 38.In the author’s opinion, advertising A.emerges in the wake of the anti-happy part. B.is a cause of disappointment for the general peer C.replace the church as a major source of information D.creates an illusion of happiness rather than happiness itself. 39.We can learn from the last paragraph that the author believes A.Happiness more often than not ends in sadness. B.The anti-happy art is distasteful by refreshing. C.Misery should be enjoyed rather than denied. D.The anti-happy art flourishes when economy booms 40.Which of the following is true of the text? A.Religion once functioned as a reminder of misery. B.Art provides a balance between expectation and reality. C.People feel disappointed at the realities of morality. D.mass media are inclined to cover disasters and deaths. Part B Directions: In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the list A- G to fit into each of numbered blanks. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the blanks. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) On the north bank of the Ohio River sits Evansville, Ind., home of David Williams, 52, and of a riverboat casino where gambling games are played. During several years of gambling in that casino, Williams, a state auditor earning $35,000 a year, lost approximately $175,000. He had never gambled before the casino sent him a coupon for $20 worth of gambling. He visited the casino, lost the $20 and left. On his second visit he lost $800. The casino issued to him, as a good customer, a Fun Card, which when used in the casino earns points for meals and drinks, and enables the casino to track the user's gambling activities. For Williams, these activities become what he calls electronic morphine. (41)______________. In 1997 he lost $21,000 to one slot machine in two days. In March 1997 he lost $72,186. He sometimes played two slot machines at a time, all night, until the boat locked at 5 a.m., then went back aboard when the casino opened at 9 a.m. Now he is suing the casino, charging that it should have refused his patronage because it knew he was addicted. It did know he had a problem. In March 1998, a friend of Williams's got him involuntarily confined to a treatment center for addictions, and wrote to inform the casino of Williams's gamblers. The casino included a photo of Williams among those of banned gamblers, and wrote to him a” cease admissions” letter noting the medical/psychological nature of problem gambling behaviors, the letter said that before being readmitted to the patronizing the casino would pose no threat to his safety have to his safety or well-being. (42) ______________. The Wall Street Journal reports that the casino has 20 signs warning: “Enjoy the fun ... and always bet with your head, not over it”. Every entrance ticket lists a toll-free number for counseling from the Indiana Department of Mental Health. Nevertheless, Williams's suit charges that the casino, knowing he was “helplessly addicted to gambling”, intentionally worked to ”love” him to “engage in conduct against his will” well. (43) ______________. The fourth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) says “pathological gambling” involves persistent, recurring and uncontrollable pursuit less of money than of taking risks in quest of a windfall, (44) ______________.Pushed by science, or what claims to be science, society is reclassifying what once were considered character flaws or moral failings as personality disorders akin to physical disabilities. (45) ______________. Forty-four states have lotteries, 29 have casinos, and most of these states are to varying degrees dependent on --you might say --addicted to--revenues from wagering. And since the first Internet gambling site was created in 1995, competition for gamblers' dollars has become intense. The Oct. 28 issue of NEWSWEEK reported that 2 million gamblers patronize 1,800 virtual casinos every week. With $3.5 billion being lost on Internet wagers this year, gambling has passed pornography as the Web's most profitable business. (A). Although no such evidence was presented, the casino's marketing department continued to pepper him with mailings. And he entered the casino and used his Fun Card without being detected. (B). It is unclear what luring was required, given his compulsive behavior. And in what sense was his will operative? (C). By the time he had lost $5,000 he said to himself that if he could get back to even, he would quit. One night he won $5,500, but he did not quit. (D). Gambling has been a common feature of American life forever, but for a long time it was broadly considered a sin, or a social disease. Now it is a social policy: the most important and aggressive promoter of gambling in America is government. (E). David Williams’s suit should trouble this gambling nation. But don’t bet on it. (F). It is worrisome that society is medicalizing more and more behavioral problems, often defining as addictions what earlier, sterner generations explained as weakness of will. (G). The anonymous, lonely, undistracted nature of online gambling is especially conductive to compulsive behavior. But even if the government knew how to move against Internet gambling, what would be its grounds for doing so? Part C Directions: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Our translation should be written neatly on ANSWER SHEET2. (10 points) Is it true that the American intellectual is rejected and considered of no account in his society? I am going to suggest that it is not true. Father Bruckbergen told part of the story when he observed that it is the intellectuals who have rejected Americans. But they have done more than that. They have grown dissatisfied with the role of intellectual. It is they, not Americans, who have become anti-intellectual. First, the object of our study pleads for definition. What is an intellectual? (46) I shall define him as an individual who has elected as his primary duty and pleasure in life the activity of thinking in Socratic(苏格拉底) way about moral problems .He explores such problem consciously, articulately, and frankly, first by asking factual questions, then by asking moral questions, finally by suggesting action which seems appropriate in the light of the factual and moral information which he has obtained. (47) His function is analogous to that of a judge, who must accept the obligation of revealing in as obvious a matter as possible the course of reasoning which led him to his decision. This definition excludes many individuals usually referred to as intellectuals --- the average scientist for one 48) I have excluded him because, while his accomplishments may contribute to the solution of moral problems, he has not been charged with the task of approaching any but the factual aspects of those problems. Like other human beings, he encounters moral issues even in everyday performance of his routine duties.--- he is not supposed to cook his experiments, manufacture evidence, or doctor his reports. (49) But his primary task is not to think about the moral code, which governs his activity, any more than a businessman is expected to dedicate his energies to an exploration of rules of conduct in business. During most of his walking life he will take his code for granted, as the businessman takes his ethics. The definition also excludes the majority of factors, despite the fact that teaching has traditionally been the method whereby many intellectuals earn their living (50) They may teach very well and more than earn their salaries, but most of them make little or no independent reflections on human problems which involve moral judgment .This description even fits the majority eminent scholars .“Being learned in some branch of human knowledge in one thing, living in public and industrious thoughts,” as Emerson would say ,“is something else.” Section III Writing Part A 51. Directions: You want to contribute to Project Hope by offering financial aid to a child in a remote area. Write a letter to the department concerned, asking them to help find a candidate. You should specify what kind of child you want to help and how you will carry out your plan. Write your letter with no less than 100 words. Write it on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your name at the end of the letter; use Li Ming instead. You do not need to write the address. (10 points) Part B 52. Directions: Study the following photos carefully and write an essay of 160~200 words in which you should 1.describe the photos briefly, 2.interpret the social phenomenon reflected by them, and 3.give your point of view. 有两幅图片，图1 把崇拜写在脸上 图2 花300元做“小贝头” 注：Beckham 是英 翻译题答案(网友版)： 翻译1 我要将其定义为一个人提，我将用苏格拉第的方法思考道德问题作为自己的生活本职和乐趣 翻译2 智者的智能与法官的类似，法官必须接受他的职责去用明显的方式接楼思辩过程 翻译3 把知识分子排除在外是因为尽管他们的成绩有利于道德问题解决，但他们的任务仅仅限于事实方面 翻译4 知识分子的主要任务是思考那些道德规范 ，他们不仅仅是商人，他们应探索新的行为 翻译5 教师可能教的很好，十分程职，但涉及到道德判断问题，他们很少独立思考 选择题答案 1-20题 11413 32311 33232 23324 21-40题 31342 12343 34342 42421 41-45题 35264 新题型答案: Electronic Morphine Gambling has been a common feature of American life forever, 转自：原创（不求豪华，较适合得分） . 【小作文部分】
51.Write your letter in no less than 100 words. Write it neatly on answer sheet 2 You want to contribute to Project Hope by offering financial aid to a child in a remote area. Write a letter to the department concerned, asking them to help find a candidate. You should specify what kind of child you want to help and how you will carry out your plan. Don't sign your own name...."Li Ming" instead. Don't write the address. 【题目解析】 小作文要求不低于100词，在此之前传言考备忘录或会议摘要， 新东方老师在访谈中坚持认为信函为最有可能的考查形式，果然不出所料。提示中提到作者给相关部门写信，自己想要为边远地区的儿童进行援助，为希望工程做贡献，请求帮助联系到合适的儿童。题目虽然没有给出明确的三点提纲，但整个内容的三段式写法不言而喻。此信为典型的请求信模式(提出请求+背景---请求具体方面或原因---操作流程或做法)，结合到本文中，第一段向对方机构提出请求或申请，明确表达目的意图；第二段则specify(具体说明)希望援助什么样的儿童，分特点进行描述；第三段则说明如何实施计划，帮助贫困儿童。 特别注意到新东方考研课堂上讲过的两篇文章，1995年考题的主题为呼吁大家参与希望工程，援助失学儿童；2001年的考题也是关于爱心，在范文中我们也曾提到过举例论证段，可以用帮助失学儿童作为助人为乐的典型事例。由此看来，小作文的主题是考生非常熟悉的，只不过用信函的方式创作。事务信函的关键是能 “specify”,也就是说，考场上要合理联想，举一反三讲细节，提供合情合理的原因或细节。 【推荐范文及翻译】 To whom it may concern, I wish to contribute to Project Hope by offering financial aid to a child in a remote area. Having conceived such a plan for a long period, I write this letter to request your help to recommend a candidate. 给相关人士： 我很想为希望工程做些贡献，为边远地区的儿童提供经济援助。在考虑此计划很长时间后，我写信请求你们的帮助，希望为我推荐人选。 I wonder if it is convenient for you if two things concerning the child are taken into consideration. First, the child should come from Guizhou Province because I intend to help a child from my hometown. Second, it will be better if the child is a primary school student. Actually, I am good at teaching mathematics on elementary level. 请考虑与此儿童有关的两点情况，不知是否方便。首先，我想帮助自己家乡的儿童，因此他应当是贵州人；第二，如果他是个小学生就更好了。实际上，我很擅长教授基础数学。 My plan will be carried out as follows. First, I will remit at least 300 yuan in cash every month so as to reduce the financial burden of the family. More importantly, I decide to teach the child mathes and English in person during my summer vacation, which will surely be more beneficial to the child. 我将按下面的办法来实施我的计划。第一，我每个月汇出至少300元现金，以便减轻该儿童的家庭经济负担。更重要的是，我决定在暑假中亲自教这个孩子数学和英语，这样肯定对孩子更有益处。 I really appreciate your help, and I look forward to your reply as soon as possible. 我非常感谢你们的帮助，希望尽快收到你们的回信。 Yours sincerely, Li Ming 【文章评析】 范文为齐头式格式，由于向政府部门提出申请，语气较为正式，称谓部分采用了比较正式的“To whom it may concern,”。之后第一段开门见山说意图，避免了一些浪费字数的套话。创作中采用了考研试题中较为重视的 “contribute”、 “conceive”、 “request”和 “recommend”四个动词。 第二段按议论文模式设定了段首句，并采用了经典的 “take…into consideration”词组。其后分层次介绍自己的想法，如儿童需来自贵州，因为自己也是贵州人，想帮助家乡的人。另外希望儿童正上小学，因为自己的擅长的数学知识或许可以用得上，可以为儿童辅导数学。此段中由于自己提出了要求，所以语言需要委婉和礼貌，使用了 “I wonder if it is convenient for you”以及 “it will be better if”等表达。 第三段同样布局清晰，在简短的段首句后，分别用 “first”和 “more importantly”来界定层次。计划也非常明确，就是按月汇款和暑假亲自授课。汇款使用动词 “remit”,避免了千篇一律的 “send”;词组 “in person”和“be beneficial to”都用得比较到位。 信函的结尾就是常规的致谢和期待收到回信，句型简单好记，只要把我们课堂上的技巧发挥基本到位即可。特别注意事务信函不太讲究起承转合的复杂表达，“首先/其次”使用普通的顺序词就可以了。 【大作文部分】 1)describe the photos briefly 2)interpret the social phenomenon reflected by them , and 3)give your point of view. 图片内容: 图一 一个年轻小伙子在脸上画着 Beckham 字样. 图片下面汉字:把崇拜写在脸上. 图二 这个小伙子在理发店理小贝的发型.图片下面汉字:花300元做个"小贝"头 【题目解析】 大作文要求字数在160-200词左右。果然像我们预料的那样，此次考试仍然是连续考了七次的图画作文。图画作文或者是一张抽象而意味深长的图片，或者是两图对比模式。此次命题在以往基础上又有所突破，两张照片，可惜不是两图对比，而是两图互补模式，通过对细节的补充描述，共同反映出了一种社会现象。考生之所以觉得意外，是觉得英国球星贝克汉姆居然出现在考题中，而部分考生对这个偶像则毫无了解，没有什么感觉。当然，醉翁之意不在酒，按照历年出题模式的陷阱，我们是不能就图论图的。“小贝”只是个象征而已，他代表了风靡世界的各类明星和青春偶像。图片中的青年脸上写字也好，花钱做发型也好，无非代表了当今数量庞大的“追星族”。 2005年的社会热点中，家庭关系、道德素质、商品房、私家车、环保、网络科技、大学生就业仍然是备考重点。而不可忽略的则是家喻户晓的蒙牛酸酸乳“ 超级女生”大赛，一年中追星话题掀起了各类媒体争论的热浪，成为最受国人关注的热点。平民女孩一夜之间成为巨星偶像，各大城市的追星大军疯狂程度令世界瞩目。所以命题的意图也就清晰起来，借世界级偶像贝克汉姆，当然这个人也可以是布拉德.皮特或者李宇春、张靓影，实际影射了国内愈演愈烈的追星过激现象，让青年人深刻反思追星的利与弊，以及以何种态度来面对自己的人生。轻松的图片却暗示了严肃话题，这正是考研写作久盛不衰的命题规律。 【推荐范文及翻译】 As is vividly depicted in the photos above, Beckham, the handsome British football superstar, is enjoying a striking popularity among young people. In the first photo, Beckham’s name appears on a young man’s face. The caption indicates that worship for the idol is written on the face. In the second photo, this young man is doing Beckham’s chic hairstyle in a barbershop. We are informed that he is spending 300 yuan imitating his idol’s hairdo. 以上的照片生动地显示出来，相貌英俊的英国足球巨星贝克汉姆在年轻人中广受欢迎。在第一张照片中，贝克汉姆的名字出现在一个年轻人的额头上，文字表明：对偶像的崇拜写在了脸上。在第二张照片中，这个年轻人正在理发店中做贝克汉姆的时髦发型。我们得到的信息是他正花300元来模仿偶像的发式。 Undoubtedly, the photos have subtly reflected the social phenomenon that idol worship is prevalent among the youth nowadays. Beckham represents the image of sport hero whose handsome appearance and unparalleled football skills are passionately adored by all the sports fans. Likewise, several teenage girls won their fame overnight in The 2005 Super Girl Contest in China, which provoked nationwide noisy debates on the value and harm of admiring these idols. Generally speaking, young people are inclined to adore the people who excel in appearance, intelligence or talent. 毫无疑问，照片巧妙地反映了这样一个社会现象，偶像崇拜目前在青年人中非常盛行。贝克汉姆代表了体育界英雄的形象，他的英俊外表以及高超的球技正是球迷们热情追捧的。同样，2005年中国举办的“超级女生”大赛中，几个十几岁的女孩一夜成名，这个事件激起了全国性的争论，围绕着崇拜这些偶像的意义和危害。总之，青年人往往容易崇拜那些在外表、才华和特长方面极其出色的人。 In my opinion, idol worship, the thought-provoking social phenomenon, is a double-edged sword which can deeply influence the growth of young people. If we simply worship the idols by imitating their hairstyles or pursuing fashions unreasonably, the obsession will certainly waste us a great deal of money or time, endangering the efficiency of our work. On the contrary, we will lead a positive and fruitful life if we endeavor to improve ourselves by bridging the gap between our models and us. Therefore, the latter attitude should be adopted to direct our way of life. (255字) 在我看来，偶像崇拜这个发人深思的社会现象，其实是把双刃剑，可以深刻影响青年人成长。如果我们只是靠模仿偶像发型或追逐时尚的方式来崇拜他们，这种痴迷将必定浪费我们大量的金钱和时间，影响我们的工作效率。相反，如果我们靠弥补我们和榜样之间的差距来努力提高自己，我们就会过一种积极和收获显著的生活。因此，我们应当采取后面一种态度来指引我们的人生。 【文章评析】 按照提纲格局，文章顺理成章分为三段进行描述和议论。第一段为传统的图画描述段，两张照片都不是很清楚，好在下面有文字说明。刚刚接触照片，我们感觉意外，同时在思索该如何把贝克汉姆和隐含主题挂钩。稍加思考就要开始描述两张照片的内容，当然，细枝末节可以忽略，因为要求我们进行briefly描述，但提示中的内容必须提到。照片中体现出了球星强大的影响力，在此用 “striking popularity”强调。而年轻人所做的，正是让理发师做出典型的小贝式“chic hairstyle”并且模仿偶像的“hairdo”。本段中考生最大的挑战来自于“偶像崇拜”的英文表达—“idol worship”. 第二段要求阐释照片所揭示的社会现象。社会现象可以一针见血地提出来，即社会上非常普遍的(prevalent)偶像崇拜，即追星现象。紧接着举两例说明，贝克汉姆代表了体育方面的偶像，其招牌是英俊的外表和高超的球技。当然，还要结合中国现实提一下典型的超级女生大赛，超女成功后都成为巨星偶像，引起了疯狂的追逐和炒做。这两个例子都证明一点，年轻人容易对在外表、才华和特长方面超出自己的人产生崇拜。注意在第二段中采用的精彩表达： “subtly reflected”、“handsome appearance”、“unparalleled skills”、“passionately adored”、“won their fame overnight”、“provoked nationwide noisy debates”、“are inclined to”、“excel in”。 解释完社会现象，说明其普遍存在，最后进行褒贬。第三段是传统的议论段，针对偶像崇拜现象我们可以持完全否定态度，但这种态度在现实中确实不可行。所以我们在段首句后通过两个层面，分别探讨崇拜的利与弊。如果只是非理性的模仿和追逐，必定浪费大量时间和金钱，耽误工作，这种态度不可取。当然，偶像崇拜也有积极的一面，如果从偶像身上发现我们所不具备的，通过努力而去弥补差距，我们的人生旧会有很大的进步，态度决定了利与弊。相比之下，我们宁愿选择积极而有收获的方式，这样才能指引我们正确的生活方向。最后一段在把偶像崇拜比作“double-edged sword”之后，采用了两类不同的语言暗示褒贬，错误的态度，出现了 “obsession”、“endanger”的表达，而积极的态度，则用“positive”、“fruitful”和“endeavor”来强调。当然，弥补差距 “bridge the gap”用得也很精彩。两种态度，先破后立，对社会现象并非偏激对待，而是客观冷静地分析利弊，再提出建议，结构布局十分得当 完型填空答案及解析: 1. D.本句接第一句。前句说无家可归者的比例越来越大，接下来的这句话表示递进，所以选furthermore。A选项表示“的确”，B选项likewise意思为“同理，同样”，C选项therefore表示因果关系，三个错误选项干扰性最大的是A选项，因为从逻辑上来分析，它入选的可能也很大，但相比之下递进的意思更符合逻辑。难度：☆☆☆☆ 2. B 这里表示第一句中提到的问题已经让地方政府无法应付了，因此选择cope(应付，应对)。A选项stand表示“容忍”，C选项approve表示“同意”，D选项retain表示“保留”，均不合题意。难度：☆☆ 3. D 本句表示“帮助无家可归的人走向独立”，故选择toward。本题的干扰项是C选项的with。虽然我们学过to help sb. with…这样的句型，但该句型表示的是“帮助某人做/学什么”的意思，如help me with my English(帮助我学习英语)，help me with my exercises(帮助我做作业)。难度：☆☆☆ 4. A 这里表示“提高最低工资待遇”，只有当人们能够挣到更多的钱，无家可归的人才会减少，故选raise。干扰项是B选项add。虽然add也表示增加，但当表达提高工资时，我们使用raise，而不用add。难度：☆ 5. D 本题四个选项中，A选项generally和B选项almost表示肯定含义，C选项hardly和D选项not表示否定。根据上下文，本句说的是“并非每个人都同意”，所以排除A和B。同时，hardly只能与anyone等词搭配，表示“几乎没有任何人”，不能与everyone搭配，故正确答案为not。Not everyone agrees…表示“不是每个人都同意……”的意思。难度：☆ 6. C 本句意思为“估计数字的范围大约从60万到300万之间”，使用range from…to…的句型。干扰项是A选项的cover，但cover表示“覆盖”，不表示范围。D选项differ主要强调不同，而本句并未强调不同，而是强调范围，故选择range。难度：☆☆☆ 7. B 根据后文，本句表达的是让步意义，即，“虽然对这一数字人们意见不一，但人们却都同意另外一个事实”，因此选择although。其余选项不合题意。难度：☆ 8. C 本题为词汇辨析题。四个选项都表达“增加，扩张”的含义，但由于本句主语为the number，因此只能搭配increase。A选项inflate表示“膨胀”，B选项expand表示“在面积上扩张”，D选项extend表示“在长度上延伸”。难度：☆ 9. A 本句表示的是“预测”，故选择predict。D选项的discover为干扰项，从汉语的角度似乎说得通，即，“研究发现……”，然而，若说“发现”，后边的宾语从句只能使用一般现在时，如发现了一个什么规律等，但本句后边使用的是将来时，所以只能理解为“预测”。难度：☆☆ 10. A 本题比较难， A选项的assist表示“帮助”，B选项的track表示“跟踪”；C选项的sustain表示“维持，使……继续活下去”；D选项的dismiss表示“解散，让……离开”。从全段来看，后面主要讲如何维持住这些无家可归者们的稳定，不仅要给他们吃住，还要解决他们其他一系列的问题，这就暗示前面的主题句讲的是帮助无家可归者，此外，从与名词population的搭配来看，也只有A选项最合适。难度：☆☆☆☆☆ 11. C 根据题意，本句是让步的意思，“即使当他们有吃有住，他们仍然会……”，所以选择C选项的even。难度：☆☆ 12. B 本题为词汇辨析题。四个选项都有“住房”、“住处”的意思，但B选项的shelter除了表示“藏身处”之外，还有“保护”的意思，而下文明显有此含义，故选择B。难度：☆☆☆☆ 13. D 本题同样为词汇辨析题，主要要区分B选项stroll和D选项wander。Stroll表示“闲逛，悠闲地散步”，而wander则表示“徘徊，乱逛”的意思，很明显，wander更符合题意。难度：☆☆ 14. C 本句表达让步，“虽然许多人……，但是……”，可以使用although/though，但选项中并未提供这两个词，但我们知道while也可以用来表达although的意思，故选择C选项的while。难度：☆☆ 15. A 本题主要是区分life skills和survival skills，前者表示“生活能力”，后者表示“生存技能”，由于文章讨论无家可归者的基本生活问题，故应选择A选项。难度：☆☆☆ 16. A 本题为词组搭配。Turn around表示“转过身”，turn on表示“打开”等意思，turn up表示“出现”等意思，turn over表示“翻转”。本句意思应该为“他们缺乏生存技能来改变自己的生活”，也就是说将生活“翻转”，故选择A选项的turn around。难度：☆☆☆☆ 17. B 本句题意为“全面的规划”，所以用B选项的comprehensive。A选项complex强调复杂性；C选项complementary强调互补性；D选项compensating强调补偿性，所以均不合题意。难度：☆☆☆ 18. C 难度：☆ 19. A 本题和上题一起构成一个句型：as sb. puts it，意思为“正如……说的那样”。故18题选择C选项的as，19题选择A选项的puts。难度：☆ 20. D 本句强调各种计划中的协同，故选择D 选项的coordination。A选项的supervision意思为“监督，管理”，B选项的manipulation意思为“操纵”，C选项的regulation意思为“调节，校准”，均不合题意。难度：☆☆☆☆ |
  |
|